posted 25 years ago
Javascript is a scripting language primarily used for client side scripting, meaning scripting that is sent to the user and done through thier browser. This is mainly used for form validation, rollovers, opening new and sized windows, alert boxes, stuff like that. Until DHTML, these were some of the main uses.
DHTML or Dynamic HTML is taking javascript a bit further and having js access every part of the page. Through the combination of layers or cascading style sheets, you can access every part of a page so you can hide elements, make them draggable, fade them in and out, and create menus that overlay on top of other elements.
Java applets were used a good bit before DHTML was around because you couldn't do the stuff above in HTML so you used Java to create dynamic pages, and interactive forms and stuff like that. Applets has gone down some because of DHTML, but they are still very useful especially where you need sockets to relay information back and forth.
Java applications are stand alone java programs that don't run in your browser. This can be just about anything you want because you are not restricted by the browser any more.
Bill