using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Drawing;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;

namespace SmartStore.Services.Media
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Taken from http://stackoverflow.com/questions/111345/getting-image-dimensions-without-reading-the-entire-file/111349
    /// Minor improvements including supporting unsigned 16-bit integers when decoding Jfif and added logic
    /// to load the image using new Bitmap if reading the headers fails
    /// </summary>
    public static class ImageHeader
    {
        internal class UnknownImageFormatException : ArgumentException
        {
            public UnknownImageFormatException(string paramName = "", Exception e = null)
                : base("Could not recognise image format.", paramName, e)
            {
            }
        }

        private static Dictionary<byte[], Func<BinaryReader, Size>> imageFormatDecoders = new Dictionary<byte[], Func<BinaryReader, Size>>()
        { 
            { new byte[] { 0x42, 0x4D }, DecodeBitmap }, 
            { new byte[] { 0x47, 0x49, 0x46, 0x38, 0x37, 0x61 }, DecodeGif }, 
            { new byte[] { 0x47, 0x49, 0x46, 0x38, 0x39, 0x61 }, DecodeGif }, 
            { new byte[] { 0x89, 0x50, 0x4E, 0x47, 0x0D, 0x0A, 0x1A, 0x0A }, DecodePng },
            { new byte[] { 0xff, 0xd8 }, DecodeJfif }, 
        };

        /// <summary>        
        /// Gets the dimensions of an image.        
        /// </summary>        
        /// <param name="path">The path of the image to get the dimensions of.</param>        
        /// <returns>The dimensions of the specified image.</returns>        
        /// <exception cref="ArgumentException">The image was of an unrecognised format.</exception>        
        public static Size GetDimensions(string path)
        {
            try
            {
                using (BinaryReader binaryReader = new BinaryReader(File.OpenRead(path)))
                {
                    try
                    {
                        return GetDimensions(binaryReader);
                    }
                    catch (ArgumentException e)
                    {
                        throw new UnknownImageFormatException("path", e);
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (ArgumentException)
            {
                using (var b = new Bitmap(path))
                {
                    return b.Size;
                }
            }
        }

        /// <summary>        
        /// Gets the dimensions of an image.        
        /// </summary>        
        /// <param name="path">The path of the image to get the dimensions of.</param>        
        /// <returns>The dimensions of the specified image.</returns>        
        /// <exception cref="ArgumentException">The image was of an unrecognised format.</exception>            
        public static Size GetDimensions(BinaryReader binaryReader)
        {
            int maxMagicBytesLength = imageFormatDecoders.Keys.OrderByDescending(x => x.Length).First().Length;
            byte[] magicBytes = new byte[maxMagicBytesLength];
            for (int i = 0; i < maxMagicBytesLength; i += 1)
            {
                magicBytes[i] = binaryReader.ReadByte();
                foreach (var kvPair in imageFormatDecoders)
                {
                    if (StartsWith(magicBytes, kvPair.Key))
                    {
                        return kvPair.Value(binaryReader);
                    }
                }
            }

            throw new UnknownImageFormatException("binaryReader");
        }

        private static bool StartsWith(byte[] thisBytes, byte[] thatBytes)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < thatBytes.Length; i += 1)
            {
                if (thisBytes[i] != thatBytes[i])
                {
                    return false;
                }
            }

            return true;
        }

        private static short ReadLittleEndianInt16(BinaryReader binaryReader)
        {
            byte[] bytes = new byte[sizeof(short)];

            for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(short); i += 1)
            {
                bytes[sizeof(short) - 1 - i] = binaryReader.ReadByte();
            }
            return BitConverter.ToInt16(bytes, 0);
        }

        private static ushort ReadLittleEndianUInt16(BinaryReader binaryReader)
        {
            byte[] bytes = new byte[sizeof(ushort)];

            for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(ushort); i += 1)
            {
                bytes[sizeof(ushort) - 1 - i] = binaryReader.ReadByte();
            }
            return BitConverter.ToUInt16(bytes, 0);
        }

        private static int ReadLittleEndianInt32(BinaryReader binaryReader)
        {
            byte[] bytes = new byte[sizeof(int)];
            for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(int); i += 1)
            {
                bytes[sizeof(int) - 1 - i] = binaryReader.ReadByte();
            }
            return BitConverter.ToInt32(bytes, 0);
        }

        private static Size DecodeBitmap(BinaryReader binaryReader)
        {
            binaryReader.ReadBytes(16);
            int width = binaryReader.ReadInt32();
            int height = binaryReader.ReadInt32();
            return new Size(width, height);
        }

        private static Size DecodeGif(BinaryReader binaryReader)
        {
            int width = binaryReader.ReadInt16();
            int height = binaryReader.ReadInt16();
            return new Size(width, height);
        }

        private static Size DecodePng(BinaryReader binaryReader)
        {
            binaryReader.ReadBytes(8);
            int width = ReadLittleEndianInt32(binaryReader);
            int height = ReadLittleEndianInt32(binaryReader);
            return new Size(width, height);
        }

        private static Size DecodeJfif(BinaryReader binaryReader)
        {
            while (binaryReader.ReadByte() == 0xff)
            {
                byte marker = binaryReader.ReadByte();
                short chunkLength = ReadLittleEndianInt16(binaryReader);
                if (marker == 0xc0)
                {
                    binaryReader.ReadByte();
                    int height = ReadLittleEndianInt16(binaryReader);
                    int width = ReadLittleEndianInt16(binaryReader);
                    return new Size(width, height);
                }

                if (chunkLength < 0)
                {
                    ushort uchunkLength = (ushort)chunkLength;
                    binaryReader.ReadBytes(uchunkLength - 2);
                }
                else
                {
                    binaryReader.ReadBytes(chunkLength - 2);
                }
            }

            throw new UnknownImageFormatException();
        }
    }
}
