# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE. # Copyright (C) 2001 Python Software Foundation # This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package. # FIRST AUTHOR , YEAR. # # Translators: # python-doc bot, 2025 # Hengky Kurniawan, 2025 # #, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Python 3.15\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2026-06-02 00:16+0000\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2025-09-16 00:02+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Hengky Kurniawan, 2025\n" "Language-Team: Indonesian (https://app.transifex.com/python-doc/teams/5390/" "id/)\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "Language: id\n" "Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n" msgid "Input and Output" msgstr "Masukan dan Keluaran" msgid "" "There are several ways to present the output of a program; data can be " "printed in a human-readable form, or written to a file for future use. This " "chapter will discuss some of the possibilities." msgstr "" "Ada beberapa cara untuk mempresentasikan keluaran suatu program; data dapat " "dicetak dalam bentuk yang dapat dibaca manusia, atau ditulis ke berkas untuk " "digunakan di masa mendatang. Bab ini akan membahas beberapa kemungkinan." msgid "Fancier Output Formatting" msgstr "Pemformatan Keluaran yang Lebih Menarik" msgid "" "So far we've encountered two ways of writing values: *expression statements* " "and the :func:`print` function. (A third way is using the :meth:`~io." "TextIOBase.write` method of file objects; the standard output file can be " "referenced as ``sys.stdout``. See the Library Reference for more information " "on this.)" msgstr "" msgid "" "Often you'll want more control over the formatting of your output than " "simply printing space-separated values. There are several ways to format " "output." msgstr "" "Seringkali Anda akan menginginkan lebih banyak kontrol atas pemformatan " "keluaran Anda daripada sekadar mencetak nilai yang dipisahkan ruang. Ada " "beberapa cara untuk memformat keluaran." msgid "" "To use :ref:`formatted string literals `, begin a string with " "``f`` or ``F`` before the opening quotation mark or triple quotation mark. " "Inside this string, you can write a Python expression between ``{`` and ``}" "`` characters that can refer to variables or literal values." msgstr "" "Untuk menggunakan :ref:`formatted string literals `, mulailah " "string dengan ``f`` atau ``F`` sebelum tanda kutip pembuka atau tanda kutip " "tiga. Di dalam string ini, Anda bisa menulis ekspresi Python antara karakter " "``{`` dan ``}`` yang dapat merujuk ke variabel atau nilai literal." msgid "" ">>> year = 2016\n" ">>> event = 'Referendum'\n" ">>> f'Results of the {year} {event}'\n" "'Results of the 2016 Referendum'" msgstr "" msgid "" "The :meth:`str.format` method of strings requires more manual effort. " "You'll still use ``{`` and ``}`` to mark where a variable will be " "substituted and can provide detailed formatting directives, but you'll also " "need to provide the information to be formatted. In the following code block " "there are two examples of how to format variables:" msgstr "" msgid "" ">>> yes_votes = 42_572_654\n" ">>> total_votes = 85_705_149\n" ">>> percentage = yes_votes / total_votes\n" ">>> '{:-9} YES votes {:2.2%}'.format(yes_votes, percentage)\n" "' 42572654 YES votes 49.67%'" msgstr "" msgid "" "Notice how the ``yes_votes`` are padded with spaces and a negative sign only " "for negative numbers. The example also prints ``percentage`` multiplied by " "100, with 2 decimal places and followed by a percent sign (see :ref:" "`formatspec` for details)." msgstr "" msgid "" "Finally, you can do all the string handling yourself by using string slicing " "and concatenation operations to create any layout you can imagine. The " "string type has some methods that perform useful operations for padding " "strings to a given column width." msgstr "" "Akhirnya, Anda dapat melakukan semua string yang menangani diri Anda sendiri " "dengan menggunakan operasi *slicing* string dan *concatenation* untuk " "membuat tata letak yang dapat Anda bayangkan. Tipe string memiliki beberapa " "metode yang melakukan operasi yang berguna untuk string *padding* ke lebar " "kolom yang diberikan." msgid "" "When you don't need fancy output but just want a quick display of some " "variables for debugging purposes, you can convert any value to a string with " "the :func:`repr` or :func:`str` functions." msgstr "" "Ketika Anda tidak membutuhkan keluaran yang menarik tetapi hanya ingin " "tampilan cepat dari beberapa variabel untuk keperluan debugging, Anda dapat " "mengonversi nilai apa pun menjadi string dengan fungsi :func:`repr` atau :" "func:`str`." msgid "" "The :func:`str` function is meant to return representations of values which " "are fairly human-readable, while :func:`repr` is meant to generate " "representations which can be read by the interpreter (or will force a :exc:" "`SyntaxError` if there is no equivalent syntax). For objects which don't " "have a particular representation for human consumption, :func:`str` will " "return the same value as :func:`repr`. Many values, such as numbers or " "structures like lists and dictionaries, have the same representation using " "either function. Strings, in particular, have two distinct representations." msgstr "" "Fungsi :func:`str` dimaksudkan untuk mengembalikan representasi nilai-nilai " "yang terbaca oleh manusia, sementara :func:`repr` dimaksudkan untuk " "menghasilkan representasi yang dapat dibaca oleh penerjemah (atau akan " "memaksa :exc:`SyntaxError` jika tidak ada sintaks yang setara). Untuk objek " "yang tidak memiliki representasi khusus untuk konsumsi manusia, :func:`str` " "akan mengembalikan nilai yang sama dengan :func:`repr`. Banyak nilai, " "seperti angka atau struktur seperti daftar dan kamus, memiliki representasi " "yang sama menggunakan kedua fungsi tersebut. String, khususnya, memiliki dua " "representasi berbeda." msgid "Some examples::" msgstr "Beberapa contoh::" msgid "" ">>> s = 'Hello, world.'\n" ">>> str(s)\n" "'Hello, world.'\n" ">>> repr(s)\n" "\"'Hello, world.'\"\n" ">>> str(1/7)\n" "'0.14285714285714285'\n" ">>> x = 10 * 3.25\n" ">>> y = 200 * 200\n" ">>> s = 'The value of x is ' + repr(x) + ', and y is ' + repr(y) + '...'\n" ">>> print(s)\n" "The value of x is 32.5, and y is 40000...\n" ">>> # The repr() of a string adds string quotes and backslashes:\n" ">>> hello = 'hello, world\\n'\n" ">>> hellos = repr(hello)\n" ">>> print(hellos)\n" "'hello, world\\n'\n" ">>> # The argument to repr() may be any Python object:\n" ">>> repr((x, y, ('spam', 'eggs')))\n" "\"(32.5, 40000, ('spam', 'eggs'))\"" msgstr "" msgid "" "The :mod:`string` module contains support for a simple templating approach " "based upon regular expressions, via :class:`string.Template`. This offers " "yet another way to substitute values into strings, using placeholders like " "``$x`` and replacing them with values from a dictionary. This syntax is easy " "to use, although it offers much less control for formatting." msgstr "" msgid "Formatted String Literals" msgstr "Literal String Terformat" msgid "" ":ref:`Formatted string literals ` (also called f-strings for " "short) let you include the value of Python expressions inside a string by " "prefixing the string with ``f`` or ``F`` and writing expressions as " "``{expression}``." msgstr "" ":ref:`Formatted string literals ` (juga disebut f-string) " "memungkinkan Anda menyertakan nilai ekspresi Python di dalam string dengan " "mengawali string dengan ``f`` atau ``F`` dan menulis ekspresi sebagai " "``{expression}``." msgid "" "An optional format specifier can follow the expression. This allows greater " "control over how the value is formatted. The following example rounds pi to " "three places after the decimal::" msgstr "" "Penentu format opsional dapat mengikuti ekspresi. Ini memungkinkan kontrol " "yang lebih besar atas bagaimana nilai diformat. Contoh berikut ini " "pembulatan pi ke tiga tempat setelah desimal::" msgid "" ">>> import math\n" ">>> print(f'The value of pi is approximately {math.pi:.3f}.')\n" "The value of pi is approximately 3.142." msgstr "" msgid "" "Passing an integer after the ``':'`` will cause that field to be a minimum " "number of characters wide. This is useful for making columns line up. ::" msgstr "" "Melewatkan bilangan bulat setelah ``':'`` akan menyebabkan *field* itu " "menjadi jumlah minimum lebar karakter. Ini berguna untuk membuat kolom " "berbaris. ::" msgid "" ">>> table = {'Sjoerd': 4127, 'Jack': 4098, 'Dcab': 7678}\n" ">>> for name, phone in table.items():\n" "... print(f'{name:10} ==> {phone:10d}')\n" "...\n" "Sjoerd ==> 4127\n" "Jack ==> 4098\n" "Dcab ==> 7678" msgstr "" msgid "" "Other modifiers can be used to convert the value before it is formatted. ``'!" "a'`` applies :func:`ascii`, ``'!s'`` applies :func:`str`, and ``'!r'`` " "applies :func:`repr`::" msgstr "" "Pengubah lain dapat digunakan untuk mengonversi nilai sebelum diformat. ``'!" "a'`` berlaku :func:`ascii`, ``'!s'`` berlaku :func:`str`, dan ``'!r'`` " "berlaku :func:`repr`::" msgid "" ">>> animals = 'eels'\n" ">>> print(f'My hovercraft is full of {animals}.')\n" "My hovercraft is full of eels.\n" ">>> print(f'My hovercraft is full of {animals!r}.')\n" "My hovercraft is full of 'eels'." msgstr "" msgid "" "The ``=`` specifier can be used to expand an expression to the text of the " "expression, an equal sign, then the representation of the evaluated " "expression:" msgstr "" msgid "" "See :ref:`self-documenting expressions ` for more " "information on the ``=`` specifier. For a reference on these format " "specifications, see the reference guide for the :ref:`formatspec`." msgstr "" msgid "The String format() Method" msgstr "Metode String format()" msgid "Basic usage of the :meth:`str.format` method looks like this::" msgstr "Penggunaan dasar metode :meth:`str.format` terlihat seperti ini::" msgid "" ">>> print('We are the {} who say \"{}!\"'.format('knights', 'Ni'))\n" "We are the knights who say \"Ni!\"" msgstr "" msgid "" "The brackets and characters within them (called format fields) are replaced " "with the objects passed into the :meth:`str.format` method. A number in the " "brackets can be used to refer to the position of the object passed into the :" "meth:`str.format` method. ::" msgstr "" "Tanda kurung dan karakter di dalamnya (disebut *fields* format) diganti " "dengan objek yang diteruskan ke metode :meth:`str.format`. Angka dalam tanda " "kurung dapat digunakan untuk merujuk ke posisi objek yang dilewatkan ke " "dalam metode :meth:`str.format`. ::" msgid "" ">>> print('{0} and {1}'.format('spam', 'eggs'))\n" "spam and eggs\n" ">>> print('{1} and {0}'.format('spam', 'eggs'))\n" "eggs and spam" msgstr "" msgid "" "If keyword arguments are used in the :meth:`str.format` method, their values " "are referred to by using the name of the argument. ::" msgstr "" "Jika argumen kata kunci *keyword argument* digunakan dalam metode :meth:`str." "format`, nilainya dirujuk dengan menggunakan nama argumen. ::" msgid "" ">>> print('This {food} is {adjective}.'.format(\n" "... food='spam', adjective='absolutely horrible'))\n" "This spam is absolutely horrible." msgstr "" msgid "Positional and keyword arguments can be arbitrarily combined::" msgstr "Argumen posisi dan kata kunci dapat dikombinasikan secara bergantian::" msgid "" ">>> print('The story of {0}, {1}, and {other}.'.format('Bill', 'Manfred',\n" "... other='Georg'))\n" "The story of Bill, Manfred, and Georg." msgstr "" msgid "" "If you have a really long format string that you don't want to split up, it " "would be nice if you could reference the variables to be formatted by name " "instead of by position. This can be done by simply passing the dict and " "using square brackets ``'[]'`` to access the keys. ::" msgstr "" "Jika Anda memiliki string format yang sangat panjang yang tidak ingin Anda " "pisahkan, alangkah baiknya jika Anda bisa mereferensikan variabel yang akan " "diformat berdasarkan nama alih-alih berdasarkan posisi. Ini dapat dilakukan " "hanya dengan melewatkan *dict* dan menggunakan tanda kurung siku ``'[]'`` " "untuk mengakses kunci dari *dict* ::" msgid "" ">>> table = {'Sjoerd': 4127, 'Jack': 4098, 'Dcab': 8637678}\n" ">>> print('Jack: {0[Jack]:d}; Sjoerd: {0[Sjoerd]:d}; '\n" "... 'Dcab: {0[Dcab]:d}'.format(table))\n" "Jack: 4098; Sjoerd: 4127; Dcab: 8637678" msgstr "" msgid "" "This could also be done by passing the ``table`` dictionary as keyword " "arguments with the ``**`` notation. ::" msgstr "" msgid "" ">>> table = {'Sjoerd': 4127, 'Jack': 4098, 'Dcab': 8637678}\n" ">>> print('Jack: {Jack:d}; Sjoerd: {Sjoerd:d}; Dcab: {Dcab:d}'." "format(**table))\n" "Jack: 4098; Sjoerd: 4127; Dcab: 8637678" msgstr "" msgid "" "This is particularly useful in combination with the built-in function :func:" "`vars`, which returns a dictionary containing all local variables::" msgstr "" msgid "" ">>> table = {k: str(v) for k, v in vars().items()}\n" ">>> message = \" \".join([f'{k}: ' + '{' + k +'};' for k in table.keys()])\n" ">>> print(message.format(**table))\n" "__name__: __main__; __doc__: None; __package__: None; __loader__: ..." msgstr "" msgid "" "As an example, the following lines produce a tidily aligned set of columns " "giving integers and their squares and cubes::" msgstr "" msgid "" ">>> for x in range(1, 11):\n" "... print('{0:2d} {1:3d} {2:4d}'.format(x, x*x, x*x*x))\n" "...\n" " 1 1 1\n" " 2 4 8\n" " 3 9 27\n" " 4 16 64\n" " 5 25 125\n" " 6 36 216\n" " 7 49 343\n" " 8 64 512\n" " 9 81 729\n" "10 100 1000" msgstr "" msgid "" "For a complete overview of string formatting with :meth:`str.format`, see :" "ref:`formatstrings`." msgstr "" "Untuk ikhtisar lengkap pemformatan string dengan :meth:`str.format`, lihat :" "ref:`formatstrings`." msgid "Manual String Formatting" msgstr "Pemformatan String Manual" msgid "Here's the same table of squares and cubes, formatted manually::" msgstr "Inilah tabel kotak dan kubus yang sama, yang diformat secara manual::" msgid "" ">>> for x in range(1, 11):\n" "... print(repr(x).rjust(2), repr(x*x).rjust(3), end=' ')\n" "... # Note use of 'end' on previous line\n" "... print(repr(x*x*x).rjust(4))\n" "...\n" " 1 1 1\n" " 2 4 8\n" " 3 9 27\n" " 4 16 64\n" " 5 25 125\n" " 6 36 216\n" " 7 49 343\n" " 8 64 512\n" " 9 81 729\n" "10 100 1000" msgstr "" msgid "" "(Note that the one space between each column was added by the way :func:" "`print` works: it always adds spaces between its arguments.)" msgstr "" "(Perhatikan bahwa satu spasi di antara setiap kolom ditambahkan dengan cara :" "func:`print` berfungsi: selalu menambah spasi di antara argumennya.)" msgid "" "The :meth:`str.rjust` method of string objects right-justifies a string in a " "field of a given width by padding it with spaces on the left. There are " "similar methods :meth:`str.ljust` and :meth:`str.center`. These methods do " "not write anything, they just return a new string. If the input string is " "too long, they don't truncate it, but return it unchanged; this will mess up " "your column lay-out but that's usually better than the alternative, which " "would be lying about a value. (If you really want truncation you can always " "add a slice operation, as in ``x.ljust(n)[:n]``.)" msgstr "" "Metode :meth:`str.rjust` dari objek string merata-kanan-kan sebuah string " "dalam bidang dengan lebar tertentu dengan menambahkannya dengan spasi di " "sebelah kiri. Ada metode serupa :meth:`str.ljust` dan :meth:`str.center`. " "Metode ini tidak menulis apa pun, mereka hanya mengembalikan string baru. " "Jika string input terlalu panjang, mereka tidak memotongnya, tetapi " "mengembalikannya tidak berubah; ini akan mengacaukan tata letak kolom Anda, " "tetapi itu biasanya lebih baik daripada alternatif, yang akan berbohong " "tentang nilai. (Jika Anda benar-benar menginginkan pemotongan, Anda selalu " "dapat menambahkan operasi *slice*, seperti pada ``x.ljust(n)[:n]``.)" msgid "" "There is another method, :meth:`str.zfill`, which pads a numeric string on " "the left with zeros. It understands about plus and minus signs::" msgstr "" "Ada metode lain, :meth:`str.zfill`, yang melapisi string numerik di sebelah " "kiri dengan nol. Itu mengerti tentang tanda plus dan minus::" msgid "" ">>> '12'.zfill(5)\n" "'00012'\n" ">>> '-3.14'.zfill(7)\n" "'-003.14'\n" ">>> '3.14159265359'.zfill(5)\n" "'3.14159265359'" msgstr "" msgid "Old string formatting" msgstr "Pemformatan string lama" msgid "" "The % operator (modulo) can also be used for string formatting. Given " "``format % values`` (where *format* is a string), ``%`` conversion " "specifications in *format* are replaced with zero or more elements of " "*values*. This operation is commonly known as string interpolation. For " "example::" msgstr "" msgid "" ">>> import math\n" ">>> print('The value of pi is approximately %5.3f.' % math.pi)\n" "The value of pi is approximately 3.142." msgstr "" msgid "" "More information can be found in the :ref:`old-string-formatting` section." msgstr "" "Informasi lebih lanjut dapat ditemukan di bagian :ref:`old-string-" "formatting`." msgid "Reading and Writing Files" msgstr "Membaca dan Menulis Berkas" msgid "" ":func:`open` returns a :term:`file object`, and is most commonly used with " "two positional arguments and one keyword argument: ``open(filename, mode, " "encoding=None)``" msgstr "" msgid ">>> f = open('workfile', 'w', encoding=\"utf-8\")" msgstr "" msgid "" "The first argument is a string containing the filename. The second argument " "is another string containing a few characters describing the way in which " "the file will be used. *mode* can be ``'r'`` when the file will only be " "read, ``'w'`` for only writing (an existing file with the same name will be " "erased), and ``'a'`` opens the file for appending; any data written to the " "file is automatically added to the end. ``'r+'`` opens the file for both " "reading and writing. The *mode* argument is optional; ``'r'`` will be " "assumed if it's omitted." msgstr "" "Argumen pertama adalah string yang berisi nama file. Argumen kedua adalah " "string lain yang berisi beberapa karakter yang menggambarkan cara berkas " "akan digunakan. *mode* dapat ``'r'`` ketika file hanya akan dibaca, ``'w'`` " "untuk hanya menulis (berkas yang ada dengan nama yang sama akan dihapus), " "dan ``'a'`` membuka berkas untuk ditambahkan; setiap data yang ditulis ke " "file secara otomatis ditambahkan ke bagian akhir. ``'r+'`` membuka berkas " "untuk membaca dan menulis. Argumen *mode* adalah opsional; ``'r'`` akan " "diasumsikan jika dihilangkan." msgid "" "Normally, files are opened in :dfn:`text mode`, that means, you read and " "write strings from and to the file, which are encoded in a specific " "*encoding*. If *encoding* is not specified, the default is platform " "dependent (see :func:`open`). Because UTF-8 is the modern de-facto standard, " "``encoding=\"utf-8\"`` is recommended unless you know that you need to use a " "different encoding. Appending a ``'b'`` to the mode opens the file in :dfn:" "`binary mode`. Binary mode data is read and written as :class:`bytes` " "objects. You can not specify *encoding* when opening file in binary mode." msgstr "" msgid "" "In text mode, the default when reading is to convert platform-specific line " "endings (``\\n`` on Unix, ``\\r\\n`` on Windows) to just ``\\n``. When " "writing in text mode, the default is to convert occurrences of ``\\n`` back " "to platform-specific line endings. This behind-the-scenes modification to " "file data is fine for text files, but will corrupt binary data like that in :" "file:`JPEG` or :file:`EXE` files. Be very careful to use binary mode when " "reading and writing such files." msgstr "" "Dalam mode teks, standar saat membaca adalah mengonversi akhir baris " "spesifik platform (``\\n`` pada Unix, ``\\r\\n`` pada Windows) menjadi hanya " "``\\n``. Saat menulis dalam mode teks, defaultnya adalah mengonversi " "kemunculan ``\\n`` kembali ke akhir baris spesifik platform. Modifikasi di " "balik layar ini untuk mengarsipkan data baik untuk file teks, tetapi akan " "merusak data biner seperti itu di :file:`JPEG` atau berkas :file:`EXE`. " "Berhati-hatilah untuk menggunakan mode biner saat membaca dan menulis file " "seperti itu." msgid "" "It is good practice to use the :keyword:`with` keyword when dealing with " "file objects. The advantage is that the file is properly closed after its " "suite finishes, even if an exception is raised at some point. Using :" "keyword:`!with` is also much shorter than writing equivalent :keyword:" "`try`\\ -\\ :keyword:`finally` blocks::" msgstr "" "Ini adalah praktik yang baik untuk menggunakan kata kunci :keyword:`with` " "saat berurusan dengan objek file. Keuntungannya adalah bahwa file ditutup " "dengan benar setelah rangkaiannya selesai, bahkan jika suatu pengecualian " "muncul di beberapa titik. Menggunakan :keyword:`!with` juga jauh lebih " "pendek daripada penulisan yang setara :keyword:`try`\\ -\\ blok :keyword:" "`finally`::" msgid "" ">>> with open('workfile', encoding=\"utf-8\") as f:\n" "... read_data = f.read()\n" "\n" ">>> # We can check that the file has been automatically closed.\n" ">>> f.closed\n" "True" msgstr "" msgid "" "If you're not using the :keyword:`with` keyword, then you should call ``f." "close()`` to close the file and immediately free up any system resources " "used by it." msgstr "" "Jika anda tidak menggunakan kata kunci :keyword:`with`, maka anda harus " "memanggil ``f.close()`` untuk menutup *file* dan membebaskan sumber daya " "sistem yang digunakan secara langsung." msgid "" "Calling ``f.write()`` without using the :keyword:`!with` keyword or calling " "``f.close()`` **might** result in the arguments of ``f.write()`` not being " "completely written to the disk, even if the program exits successfully." msgstr "" "Memanggil ``f.write()`` tanpa menggunakan kata kunci :keyword:`!with` atau " "memanggil ``f.close()`` **dapat** menyebabkan argumen-argumen dari ``f." "write()`` tidak dituliskan ke dalam *disk* secara utuh, meskipun program " "berhenti dengan sukses." msgid "" "After a file object is closed, either by a :keyword:`with` statement or by " "calling ``f.close()``, attempts to use the file object will automatically " "fail. ::" msgstr "" "Setelah objek file ditutup, baik dengan pernyataan :keyword:`with` atau " "dengan memanggil ``f.close()``, upaya untuk menggunakan objek file akan " "secara otomatis gagal. ::" msgid "" ">>> f.close()\n" ">>> f.read()\n" "Traceback (most recent call last):\n" " File \"\", line 1, in \n" "ValueError: I/O operation on closed file." msgstr "" msgid "Methods of File Objects" msgstr "Metode Objek Berkas" msgid "" "The rest of the examples in this section will assume that a file object " "called ``f`` has already been created." msgstr "" "Sisa contoh di bagian ini akan menganggap bahwa objek berkas bernama ``f`` " "telah dibuat." msgid "" "To read a file's contents, call ``f.read(size)``, which reads some quantity " "of data and returns it as a string (in text mode) or bytes object (in binary " "mode). *size* is an optional numeric argument. When *size* is omitted or " "negative, the entire contents of the file will be read and returned; it's " "your problem if the file is twice as large as your machine's memory. " "Otherwise, at most *size* characters (in text mode) or *size* bytes (in " "binary mode) are read and returned. If the end of the file has been reached, " "``f.read()`` will return an empty string (``''``). ::" msgstr "" "Untuk membaca konten file, panggil ``f.read(size)``, yang membaca sejumlah " "kuantitas data dan mengembalikannya sebagai string (dalam mode teks) atau " "objek byte (dalam mode biner). *size* adalah argumen numerik opsional. " "Ketika *size* dihilangkan atau negatif, seluruh isi file akan dibaca dan " "dikembalikan; itu masalah Anda jika file tersebut dua kali lebih besar dari " "memori mesin Anda. Kalau tidak, paling banyak *size* karakter (dalam mode " "teks) atau *size* byte (dalam mode biner) dibaca dan dikembalikan. Jika " "akhir file telah tercapai, ``f.read()`` akan mengembalikan string kosong " "(``''``). ::" msgid "" ">>> f.read()\n" "'This is the entire file.\\n'\n" ">>> f.read()\n" "''" msgstr "" msgid "" "``f.readline()`` reads a single line from the file; a newline character " "(``\\n``) is left at the end of the string, and is only omitted on the last " "line of the file if the file doesn't end in a newline. This makes the " "return value unambiguous; if ``f.readline()`` returns an empty string, the " "end of the file has been reached, while a blank line is represented by " "``'\\n'``, a string containing only a single newline. ::" msgstr "" "``f.readline()`` membaca satu baris dari file; karakter baris baru (``\\n``) " "dibiarkan di akhir string, dan hanya dihapus pada baris terakhir file jika " "file tidak berakhir pada baris baru. Ini membuat nilai pengembalian tidak " "ambigu; jika ``f.readline()`` mengembalikan string kosong, akhir file telah " "tercapai, sementara baris kosong diwakili oleh ``'\\n'``, string yang hanya " "berisi satu baris baru. ::" msgid "" ">>> f.readline()\n" "'This is the first line of the file.\\n'\n" ">>> f.readline()\n" "'Second line of the file\\n'\n" ">>> f.readline()\n" "''" msgstr "" msgid "" "For reading lines from a file, you can loop over the file object. This is " "memory efficient, fast, and leads to simple code::" msgstr "" "Untuk membaca baris dari file, Anda dapat mengulangi objek berkas. Ini hemat " "memori, cepat, dan mengarah ke kode sederhana ::" msgid "" ">>> for line in f:\n" "... print(line, end='')\n" "...\n" "This is the first line of the file.\n" "Second line of the file" msgstr "" msgid "" "If you want to read all the lines of a file in a list you can also use " "``list(f)`` or ``f.readlines()``." msgstr "" "Jika Anda ingin membaca semua baris file dalam daftar *list*, Anda juga " "dapat menggunakan ``list(f)`` atau ``f.readlines()``." msgid "" "``f.write(string)`` writes the contents of *string* to the file, returning " "the number of characters written. ::" msgstr "" "``f.write(string)`` menulis konten *string* ke berkas, mengembalikan jumlah " "karakter yang ditulis. ::" msgid "" ">>> f.write('This is a test\\n')\n" "15" msgstr "" msgid "" "Other types of objects need to be converted -- either to a string (in text " "mode) or a bytes object (in binary mode) -- before writing them::" msgstr "" "Jenis objek lain perlu dikonversi -- baik menjadi string (dalam mode teks) " "atau objek byte (dalam mode biner) -- sebelum menulisnya::" msgid "" ">>> value = ('the answer', 42)\n" ">>> s = str(value) # convert the tuple to string\n" ">>> f.write(s)\n" "18" msgstr "" msgid "" "``f.tell()`` returns an integer giving the file object's current position in " "the file represented as number of bytes from the beginning of the file when " "in binary mode and an opaque number when in text mode." msgstr "" "``f.tell()`` mengembalikan integer yang memberikan posisi objek file saat " "ini dalam berkas yang direpresentasikan sebagai jumlah byte dari awal berkas " "ketika dalam mode biner dan angka buram *opaque* ketika dalam mode teks." msgid "" "To change the file object's position, use ``f.seek(offset, whence)``. The " "position is computed from adding *offset* to a reference point; the " "reference point is selected by the *whence* argument. A *whence* value of 0 " "measures from the beginning of the file, 1 uses the current file position, " "and 2 uses the end of the file as the reference point. *whence* can be " "omitted and defaults to 0, using the beginning of the file as the reference " "point. ::" msgstr "" "Untuk mengubah posisi objek file, gunakan ``f.seek(offset, whence)``. Posisi " "dihitung dari menambahkan *offset* ke titik referensi; titik referensi " "dipilih oleh argumen *whence*. Nilai A *whence* dari 0 mengukur dari awal " "berkas, 1 menggunakan posisi file saat ini, dan 2 menggunakan akhir file " "sebagai titik referensi. *whence* dapat dihilangkan dan default ke 0, " "menggunakan awal file sebagai titik referensi. ::" msgid "" ">>> f = open('workfile', 'rb+')\n" ">>> f.write(b'0123456789abcdef')\n" "16\n" ">>> f.seek(5) # Go to the 6th byte in the file\n" "5\n" ">>> f.read(1)\n" "b'5'\n" ">>> f.seek(-3, 2) # Go to the 3rd byte before the end\n" "13\n" ">>> f.read(1)\n" "b'd'" msgstr "" msgid "" "In text files (those opened without a ``b`` in the mode string), only seeks " "relative to the beginning of the file are allowed (the exception being " "seeking to the very file end with ``seek(0, 2)``) and the only valid " "*offset* values are those returned from the ``f.tell()``, or zero. Any other " "*offset* value produces undefined behaviour." msgstr "" "Dalam file teks (yang dibuka tanpa ``b`` dalam mode string), hanya mencari " "relatif ke awal file yang diizinkan (pengecualian sedang mencari sampai " "akhir file dengan ``seek(0, 2)``) dan satu-satunya nilai *offset* yang valid " "adalah yang dikembalikan dari ``f.tell()``, atau nol. Nilai *offset* lainnya " "menghasilkan perilaku tidak terdefinisi." msgid "" "File objects have some additional methods, such as :meth:`~io.IOBase.isatty` " "and :meth:`~io.IOBase.truncate` which are less frequently used; consult the " "Library Reference for a complete guide to file objects." msgstr "" msgid "Saving structured data with :mod:`json`" msgstr "Menyimpan data terstruktur dengan :mod:`json`" msgid "" "Strings can easily be written to and read from a file. Numbers take a bit " "more effort, since the :meth:`~io.TextIOBase.read` method only returns " "strings, which will have to be passed to a function like :func:`int`, which " "takes a string like ``'123'`` and returns its numeric value 123. When you " "want to save more complex data types like nested lists and dictionaries, " "parsing and serializing by hand becomes complicated." msgstr "" msgid "" "Rather than having users constantly writing and debugging code to save " "complicated data types to files, Python allows you to use the popular data " "interchange format called `JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) `_. The standard module called :mod:`json` can take Python data " "hierarchies, and convert them to string representations; this process is " "called :dfn:`serializing`. Reconstructing the data from the string " "representation is called :dfn:`deserializing`. Between serializing and " "deserializing, the string representing the object may have been stored in a " "file or data, or sent over a network connection to some distant machine." msgstr "" msgid "" "The JSON format is commonly used by modern applications to allow for data " "exchange. Many programmers are already familiar with it, which makes it a " "good choice for interoperability." msgstr "" "Format JSON umumnya digunakan oleh aplikasi modern untuk memungkinkan " "pertukaran data. Banyak programmer sudah terbiasa dengannya, yang membuatnya " "menjadi pilihan yang baik untuk interoperabilitas." msgid "" "If you have an object ``x``, you can view its JSON string representation " "with a simple line of code::" msgstr "" "Jika Anda memiliki objek ``x``, Anda dapat melihat representasi string JSON " "dengan baris kode sederhana::" msgid "" ">>> import json\n" ">>> x = [1, 'simple', 'list']\n" ">>> json.dumps(x)\n" "'[1, \"simple\", \"list\"]'" msgstr "" msgid "" "Another variant of the :func:`~json.dumps` function, called :func:`~json." "dump`, simply serializes the object to a :term:`text file`. So if ``f`` is " "a :term:`text file` object opened for writing, we can do this::" msgstr "" "Varian lain dari fungsi :func:`~json.dumps`, disebut :func:`~json.dump`, " "dengan mudah membuat serialisasi objek menjadi :term: `text file`. Jadi jika " "``f`` adalah objek :term:`text file` dibuka untuk menulis, kita dapat " "melakukan ini::" msgid "json.dump(x, f)" msgstr "" msgid "" "To decode the object again, if ``f`` is a :term:`binary file` or :term:`text " "file` object which has been opened for reading::" msgstr "" msgid "x = json.load(f)" msgstr "" msgid "" "JSON files must be encoded in UTF-8. Use ``encoding=\"utf-8\"`` when opening " "JSON file as a :term:`text file` for both of reading and writing." msgstr "" msgid "" "This simple serialization technique can handle lists and dictionaries, but " "serializing arbitrary class instances in JSON requires a bit of extra " "effort. The reference for the :mod:`json` module contains an explanation of " "this." msgstr "" "Teknik serialisasi sederhana ini dapat menangani daftar *list* dan " "*dictionary*, tetapi membuat serialisasi *instance* kelas yang berubah-ubah " "*arbitrary* di JSON membutuhkan sedikit usaha ekstra. Referensi untuk modul :" "mod:`json` berisi penjelasan tentang ini." msgid ":mod:`pickle` - the pickle module" msgstr ":mod:`pickle` - modul *pickle*" msgid "" "Contrary to :ref:`JSON `, *pickle* is a protocol which allows the " "serialization of arbitrarily complex Python objects. As such, it is " "specific to Python and cannot be used to communicate with applications " "written in other languages. It is also insecure by default: deserializing " "pickle data coming from an untrusted source can execute arbitrary code, if " "the data was crafted by a skilled attacker." msgstr "" "Berlawanan dengan :ref:`JSON `, *pickle* adalah protokol yang " "memungkinkan serialisasi objek Python yang semena-mena *arbitrarily* " "kompleks. Dengan demikian, ini khusus untuk Python dan tidak dapat digunakan " "untuk berkomunikasi dengan aplikasi yang ditulis dalam bahasa lain. Ini juga " "tidak aman secara bawaan: *deserializing* *pickle* data yang berasal dari " "sumber yang tidak dipercaya dapat mengeksekusi kode semena-mena *arbitrary*, " "jika data dibuat oleh penyerang yang terampil." msgid "formatted string literal" msgstr "" msgid "interpolated string literal" msgstr "" msgid "string" msgstr "string" msgid "formatted literal" msgstr "" msgid "interpolated literal" msgstr "" msgid "f-string" msgstr "f-string" msgid "fstring" msgstr "fstring" msgid "built-in function" msgstr "fungsi bawaan" msgid "open" msgstr "buka" msgid "object" msgstr "objek" msgid "file" msgstr "" msgid "module" msgstr "modul" msgid "json" msgstr "json"