My mother often used to tell me, “Be like the earth, humble and tolerant. Never be arrogant. Always speak gently and respectfully.” Whenever I returned home complaining that someone had pushed me while playing, she would say, “Forgive them. Even if others behave badly, do not become like them. Never retaliate. Stop complaining, be patient. Trust in God. Patience will take you far in life.” These words of wisdom from my mother continue to resonate deeply within me. After her retirement, she moved in with us and has been living in our home for the past sixteen years. Even today, if I happen to raise my voice slightly, for example, when our driver arrives late and I am about to miss an important meeting--he immediately reminds me, “Explain the problem calmly. Do not speak loudly.”
Our driver has been working with us for nearly twenty years. A household staff member has been with us for fourteen years. In our organization, many colleagues have worked alongside us for 17, 19, even 27 years. I believe this longevity is largely rooted in mutual respect and patience. Although I occasionally express frustration, I always try to remain rational and respectful. My mother is now eighty-nine years old, yet she still guides and disciplines me. None of us dare to speak harshly to her. If I return home late, she calls repeatedly out of concern and sometimes expresses her disappointment. I often hold her hands and say, “Mother, please forgive me. I will come home earlier next time.”
While it is not always possible to take her to professional meetings or donor events, we make every effort to include her in family gatherings, restaurant outings, and visits to relatives. Likewise, disagreements between my husband and me are rare. On the few occasions when we engage in debate, it is usually over ideological issues rather than personal matters. We both try to defend our perspectives respectfully. Yet if my mother overhears such discussions, she still takes me aside and reminds me, “Your husband is older than you. Why must you argue with him? What have I taught you all your life?” I share these personal reflections because the values my mother instilled in me are the same values I have tried to pass on to my children. To this day, neither of my children has ever spoken disrespectfully to me or to their father. I say this not out of pride, but to emphasize an important question for our society: What are we teaching our children?
Why do some young people spread hatred on the streets and across social media platforms? Why do they resort to abusive language, vulgar slogans, and degrading remarks, particularly against women? As parents, we recognize that such behavior is unacceptable. Yet what meaningful steps have we taken to guide the younger generation toward empathy, civility, and respect? What values are our educational institutions imparting? Why are we struggling to steer a significant segment of society toward constructive citizenship? Whether this reflects shortcomings in parenting, education, or broader societal transformation, one thing is certain: it cannot be ignored. We must find solutions. The current political environment also warrants serious reflection. Hostility toward political opponents, inflammatory rhetoric, hate-filled narratives, and the widespread dissemination of misinformation through social media have significantly heightened social tensions. Violence appears to have become deeply embedded in our public discourse.
Political differences are a normal feature of any democratic society. However, when disagreements are exaggerated, distorted, and fueled by falsehoods, they often evolve into hatred and violence, forcing the entire nation to bear the consequences. Political violence undermines public safety, creates fear among citizens, disrupts educational institutions and businesses, weakens social cohesion, and obstructs national development. The economic costs are enormous. One of the most damaging consequences of hate speech and violence is its impact on the economy. Political instability and religious unrest discourage both domestic and foreign investment. Investors seek stability and security. When images of violence, extremism, and social unrest dominate headlines, confidence declines and investment opportunities move elsewhere.
Not long ago, a prominent British-Bangladeshi billionaire explored major investment opportunities in Bangladesh. Despite extensive discussions, he ultimately chose to invest a substantial amount in India. Many observers attributed this decision to concerns surrounding political uncertainty and instability. Whether in manufacturing, commerce, or services, instability discourages economic activity, reduces business confidence, and limits job creation. Violence, blockades, vandalism, and political confrontations damage markets, transportation systems, industries, and supply chains. Businesses suffer losses, production declines, and livelihoods are disrupted.
Bangladesh, with its extraordinary natural beauty, possesses immense potential as a global tourism destination. Yet concerns regarding safety and security continue to undermine this opportunity. Tourism thrives where visitors feel secure. Reports of instability and violence discourage international travelers, reducing foreign exchange earnings and weakening an industry that could contribute significantly to national development. Religious intolerance also presents a serious challenge. In a diverse society, every community should have the freedom to practice its faith peacefully. Hindus should be able to build temples, Muslims mosques, Christians churches, and Buddhists their places of worship without fear or obstruction. Respect for religious diversity is not merely a democratic principle, it is a cornerstone of peaceful coexistence. The financial burden of addressing violence is substantial. Governments are often compelled to allocate additional resources toward law enforcement, security measures, and the reconstruction of damaged infrastructure. These expenditures divert valuable resources away from education, healthcare, social protection, and other development priorities.
Bangladesh is a densely populated country, and ensuring effective law enforcement remains a complex challenge. At the same time, the erosion of ethical values has made it increasingly difficult to uphold the rule of law. In some cases, illegal weapons continue to circulate, creating additional security concerns. The consequences of instability extend further. Factories close, unemployment rises, economic desperation intensifies, and some individuals become vulnerable to criminal activities. Fear and uncertainty reduce productivity, diminish working hours, and weaken overall economic performance. As a result, national growth and development suffer.
On this International Day for Countering Hate Speech, we must recognize that words have power. Hate speech does not merely offend, it divides communities, fuels violence, undermines democracy, damages economies, and erodes the social fabric that binds us together. The responsibility to counter hate speech belongs to all of us: parents, educators, religious leaders, political actors, media professionals, and citizens alike. We must teach our children empathy rather than intolerance, dialogue rather than hostility, and respect rather than hatred.
A peaceful, inclusive, and prosperous society can only be built when we choose understanding over division, compassion over hostility, and humanity over hate. Social Division, Hate Speech, Violence, and the Need for National Unity in Bangladesh at this moment. When examining the GDP growth rates of Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan, there is considerable cause for concern regarding Bangladesh's recent economic trajectory. Bangladesh recorded a GDP growth rate of 5.8% in 2023, which declined to 4.2% in 2024 and further dropped to 3.5% in 2025. Such a downward trend is deeply discouraging and raises serious questions about the country's economic direction. While other nations continue to make progress, Bangladesh appears to be moving backward. In contrast, India achieved a GDP growth rate of 8.2% in 2023, which moderated to 6.5% in 2024 before slightly increasing to 6.6% in 2025. Pakistan also demonstrated a gradual recovery, moving from a negative growth rate of -0.2% in 2023 to 2.6% in 2024 and 3.1% in 2025. A country once widely perceived as economically fragile is gradually rebuilding its economy, while Bangladesh struggles to maintain its previous momentum.
Many citizens believe that the factors behind this decline are not solely economic but are also deeply connected to political polarization, social fragmentation, and decisions that prioritize narrow interests over the broader national good. When personal, partisan, or group interests take precedence over national interests, the long-term consequences can be detrimental to economic stability, social harmony, and democratic development. At present, social divisions within Bangladesh have increased significantly. In the name of religion, numerous sectarian divisions have emerged, and followers of one group often criticize, discredit, or refuse to tolerate those of another. Hate speech and divisive rhetoric are increasingly fragmenting society into competing groups, eroding trust, cooperation, and mutual respect among citizens.
This growing culture of hostility undermines social cohesion and damages the long-standing traditions of harmony and coexistence that have characterized Bangladeshi society. Hatred based on religion, ethnicity, language, or political identity weakens community bonds and creates barriers between people who should otherwise be working together for the common good. The consequences extend beyond public discourse and affect family and community relationships. A culture of division and hostility weakens friendships, neighborly relations, and social solidarity. Communities become increasingly polarized, and opportunities for constructive dialogue diminish.
Democratic values also suffer greatly in such an environment. Respect for differing opinions declines, and public commitment to human rights and democratic principles weakens. Freedom of thought, freedom of expression, and democratic culture become increasingly vulnerable. As a result, fear, anxiety, and insecurity spread throughout society, leaving many people reluctant to express their views openly. Individuals and groups who become targets of hate speech often live under constant psychological pressure and uncertainty. Persistent hostility, humiliation, discrimination, and social exclusion can severely undermine self-confidence and emotional well-being. Children and young people are particularly vulnerable to these influences. When they grow up in an environment characterized by hatred, violence, and discrimination, their psychological development can be negatively affected, and intolerance may become normalized in their worldview.
As mistrust deepens, people increasingly view one another with suspicion. Over time, this erosion of trust weakens social relationships and threatens the foundations of a healthy and united society. Bangladesh's youth are also exposed to significant risks associated with political violence and social unrest. Many young people have suffered physical injuries, while others have lost their lives in violent incidents. Questions often arise regarding accountability and impartial investigations into such events. Establishing the rule of law requires credible, transparent, and independent investigations whenever violence occurs.
In many cases, individuals conceal their identities and engage in violence while claiming affiliation with particular political groups, creating confusion and damaging public confidence in legitimate political institutions. Hate speech frequently acts as a catalyst for real-world violence, leading to injuries, deaths, and widespread social instability. The impact of violence extends beyond immediate physical harm. Long-term exposure to fear, stress, and insecurity can contribute to serious health problems, including hypertension, cardiovascular disease, insomnia, and other physical and mental health challenges.
Women, children, and older persons often face heightened risks during periods of conflict and instability. They are frequently among the most vulnerable victims of violence, exploitation, abuse, and even murder. As social tensions intensify, these groups often bear a disproportionate share of the consequences. The critical question, therefore, is what can be done to prevent hate speech, social division, and violence.
These challenges cannot be addressed by any single individual, organization, or institution. Effective prevention requires coordinated efforts involving individuals, families, communities, educational institutions, civil society organizations, media outlets, political leaders, and the Government of Bangladesh. National investment in rebuilding social trust, strengthening human values, and promoting peaceful coexistence is essential. A sustainable and inclusive future can only be achieved when all sectors of society work together to promote responsibility, tolerance, and mutual respect.
At the individual level, one of the most important responsibilities is respecting differing opinions. People naturally hold diverse beliefs, perspectives, and political views. Differences should not be treated as grounds for hostility but rather as opportunities for dialogue and mutual learning. Citizens should also refrain from sharing information without verification. In the digital age, misinformation, rumors, and inflammatory content spread rapidly through social media platforms. Therefore, verifying information before sharing it is both a civic responsibility and a moral obligation.
Equally important is the rejection of hateful language. No individual should be insulted, demeaned, or discriminated against on the basis of religion, ethnicity, gender, profession, political affiliation, or social status. Families and educational institutions have a crucial role to play in cultivating human values. Empathy, mutual respect, tolerance, fairness, and justice should be taught and practiced both at home and in schools. Children should receive positive guidance from an early age and learn to appreciate diversity, human rights, and peaceful coexistence. Educational curricula should incorporate lessons that promote respect for differences, democratic values, conflict resolution, and social harmony.
At the societal level, efforts should focus on strengthening dialogue and understanding among people of different religions, beliefs, and communities. Regular discussion forums, cultural exchange programs, community engagement initiatives, and interfaith dialogues can help build trust and foster mutual respect. Finally, strong social movements and public awareness campaigns are needed to challenge hatred, discrimination, and violence. Communities, civil society organizations, media institutions, and responsible leaders must work together to promote a culture of peace, tolerance, and inclusion. Only through collective action, mutual respect, and a shared commitment to humanity can Bangladesh build a more peaceful, democratic, and prosperous future for all its citizens.
Building Social Cohesion and Preventing Hate Speech: The Role of Youth, Communities, and Government. Engaging the youth of Bangladesh in constructive and positive activities is essential for building a peaceful and resilient society. Young people should be provided with greater opportunities to participate in sports, cultural activities, volunteerism, and leadership development programs. Such initiatives not only promote personal growth but also help foster social responsibility, civic engagement, and national unity. The effective enforcement of laws governing online spaces has become increasingly important. Individuals who deliberately spread misinformation, incite hatred, or disseminate false information should be held accountable under the law. Society must reject and discourage those who promote hatred, intolerance, and division. At the same time, online platforms should be utilized to promote messages of harmony, tolerance, mutual respect, and human values.
Efforts should also be undertaken to resolve local disputes peacefully through dialogue and mediation. Community-based mechanisms can play a vital role in preventing conflicts from escalating into violence. The Government of Bangladesh should strengthen partnerships with non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and civil society organizations, enabling them to actively contribute to peacebuilding efforts and implement awareness-raising programs across the country. Educational institutions have a critical role in preventing hate speech and fostering a culture of tolerance. Awareness programs highlighting the harmful impacts of hate speech should be conducted in schools, colleges, universities, and communities. Government authorities should ensure that educational institutions remain free from activities that promote hatred, discrimination, or intolerance. Furthermore, peace education and social cohesion training should be integrated into educational environments.
There is an urgent need to provide training programs for young people, teachers, journalists, religious leaders, and community leaders. These stakeholders have significant influence within society and can play a crucial role in promoting dialogue, understanding, and peaceful coexistence. Research and evidence-based policymaking are equally important. Comprehensive studies should be conducted to identify the causes, manifestations, and impacts of hate speech, violence, and social division. The findings should be used to inform policymakers and guide the development of effective prevention strategies.
Victims of violence and hate-based discrimination require comprehensive support. Legal assistance, psychosocial counseling, protection services, and rehabilitation programs should be made accessible to those affected. Supporting victims and ensuring their recovery is not only a humanitarian obligation but also a responsibility of the Government of Bangladesh. At this critical moment, strengthening online safety and digital awareness has become a national necessity. Digital literacy programs should be implemented to help citizens recognize and counter fake news, cyberbullying, online harassment, and hate-driven content. Citizens must be equipped with the skills needed to navigate digital spaces responsibly and safely. The Government of Bangladesh has a vital role to play in addressing these challenges. Existing laws against hate speech, incitement to violence, and hate crimes must be enforced impartially, effectively, and consistently. Equally important is the integration of peace education into the national curriculum. Greater emphasis should be placed on tolerance, human rights, citizenship education, diversity, and mutual respect at all levels of education.
Employment generation must also remain a national priority. Unemployment, frustration, and social inequality often contribute to social instability and increase the risk of violence. Therefore, investments in job creation, entrepreneurship, and skills development are essential for promoting social harmony and sustainable economic growth. In the digital sphere, enhanced monitoring and awareness initiatives are needed to address the growing spread of rumors, misinformation, incitement, and hate campaigns. Technological capacity should be strengthened to identify and prevent harmful content while simultaneously safeguarding freedom of expression and democratic rights. Expanding social protection and inclusion is equally important. The safety, dignity, participation, and empowerment of marginalized populations, women, children, older persons, and minority communities must be ensured. Protecting children and young people requires long-term national programs dedicated to promoting religious harmony, social cohesion, and peaceful coexistence across the country.
Community and societal leaders also have significant responsibilities. Local leaders, teachers, imams, priests, social workers, and respected community figures should serve as ambassadors of peace by promoting messages of tolerance, coexistence, and mutual respect within their communities. Local peace and mediation committees should be established to address disputes and tensions before they escalate. These committees can facilitate dialogue, mediate conflicts, and contribute to maintaining social stability at the grassroots level. Regular awareness programs should be organized through mosques, temples, community centers, and social organizations to promote discussions on tolerance, compassion, and human values. Such initiatives can help strengthen understanding and trust among diverse groups.
Youth leadership development should be prioritized by engaging young people in positive leadership roles, volunteer initiatives, and community development activities. Providing meaningful opportunities for participation can help channel youthful energy toward constructive social change. Social cohesion can also be strengthened through cultural festivals, religious celebrations, sporting events, and community activities that bring people from different backgrounds together. Such interactions help build trust, reduce prejudice, and foster a stronger sense of national unity. Hate speech and violence pose serious threats to social stability, economic development, and human progress. Addressing these challenges requires collective action at every level of society--from individual citizens to state institutions. Without broad participation and cooperation, sustainable solutions cannot be achieved.
By embracing respect, tolerance, dialogue, justice, and human dignity as guiding principles, Bangladesh can build a peaceful, secure, and harmonious future. Governments, media organizations, educational institutions, civil society organizations, political parties, and citizens must work together to prevent hate speech and promote social cohesion. Hate speech is not merely a matter of harmful words; it is a catalyst for social division, violence, economic loss, and human suffering. If Bangladesh is to become a peaceful, inclusive, and prosperous nation, we must replace hatred with respect, hostility with empathy, and division with mutual understanding. On the International Day for Countering Hate Speech, observed annually on 18 June, let our collective commitment be clear:
Not hatred, but humanity.
Not division, but harmony.
Not violence, but peace.
Author is the Executive Director of Nari Unnayan Shakti
